Silicon-Rich Biochar Detoxify Multiple Heavy Metals in Wheat by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Subcellular Distribution of Heavy Metal

Silicon is a quasi-essential trace nutrient for plant growth and frequently employed to remediate soils of heavy metal pollution in agriculture. However, silicon’s role mechanism reducing toxicity have not been well understood, especially multi-heavy metals such as cadmium, zinc, lead, arsenic (usually treated metal). In this study, the effects different silicon-rich materials (silicate, rice husk biochar (RHB), RHB + bentonite) on trait, antioxidant response, accumulation, distribution wheat grown two polluted by multiple (Cd, Zn, Pb, As) were investigated. The results revealed that addition enhanced growth, improved photosynthetic attributes leaf tissues, decreased contents Cd, As shoots grains. examination subcellular plants implied transferred intracellular soluble fractions cell walls, indicating reduction mobility plants. addition, application reduced oxidative damage downregulating response systems decreasing production malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbic acid (AsA), glutathione (GSH). Moreover, fractionation analysis soil showed amendments could convert bioavailable into immobilized forms. With comparation materials, combined bentonite better metal-polluted promote production. effect silicate component was stressed paper but some potential benefits might arisen from other components biochar.